Should I be concerned that there would be metal grindings in the oil pump, crank, fuel pump, turbo or anything else? Should the pump screen and oil filter have kept the particles out of these parts?
Should you be concerned.? Absolutely, there will be debris EVERYWHERE and you need to get every last little bit of it out. IMO the first item on your shopping list should’ve been a couple of cases of brake cleaner rather than boxes full of new parts.
The screen on the oil pump suction side is designed to trap “tree branches, dogs, and small children”, so don’t depend on it. Unless there is a GOOD reason why not, the oil pump should be replaced. It’s more than likely trashed anyway - but it protects everything else, so that’s why it should really be replaced.
As Mobiltech said above, the best plan would be to tear everything apart first, and assess the damage. Have block, crank, & camshaft checked, then move on to timing gears, crank damper, etc, etc. My concern at this point is that you are getting ahead of yourself.