You're the one in Nome, don't you guys know what to use in the winter? I'm far from a coast so I don't have to plow snow when it's that cold. I've driven trucks in colder temps but that is always winterized road fuel. I'd assume you have diesel that works for trucks and equipment in moderately cold weather even if they don't have fuel heaters?
At -13 I wouldn't think there would be any liquid water to cause problems. Maybe if you had a crack in the top of the tank and after shutting it off some snow melted from the engine heat and ran in there? Waxing up the filters would seem the most likely cold related problem, but it could just as easily be something else blocking the fuel supply or letting air in. If the fuel has wax crystals in it, it will need to be heated up and mixed with an "antigel" additive, or replaced with #1 or winterized. Be careful not to break any brittle plastic in the cold. Use a hair dryer etc. to warm up the fuel bulb and see if you can get it to pump through to the injection pump. That's as good a place to start as any.