The last dirt job I was on last fall was a Roman circus. The contractor didn't use grade stakes, just GPS, but not every machine had that either. Now dump trucks and scrapers I can see not having the new high tech stuff, but the dozer and compactor I was running didn't either, and I was the one spreading most of the fill. The motor graders all had it, but they weren't always around and there were times when I laid fill in at a rapid pace, and cause I had no reference points, it didn't always go where it was supposed to. Then the grader operators would raise hell cause they had to pull it back in. For several weeks, the contractor GPS equipment and the State's GPS equipment wouldn't agree on grades, so no work except some basic pioneering. Water was another big issue, I never had a test fail for moisture or density, but caught hell all the time cause I wouldn't let the water wagons turn the fill into mud. Like many older dirt stiffs, I was taught to "eyeball" grades on cuts and fills with occasional reference to a grade stake. Slopes and curves were brought in to fit the natural situation, not fulfill some designers opinion of what is politically correct or pleasing to the eye. But this is a banned practice these days. Every inch has to be "engineered!"
But then, at Christmas, the contractors GPS stuff all got stolen, and the new stuff they bought to replace that wouldn't compute either their own previous data nor the State's. Job was down again for several weeks. (It cost over half a million bucks to replace the stolen GPS equipment. How many grade stakes and surveyors would that have bought?)
There were State and Federal highway inspectors and engineers on the job, also Bureau of Land Management people, folks from the Bureaus of Indian Affairs -- both State and Federal, Environmental engineers both State and Federal, let's see, oh, also people from the State and Federal Parks entities, and last but not least, all kinds of "consultants" and "experts"!
I know exactly what you mean by some junior engineer coming over and saying that I went out of the ROW or knocked a bush or Cactus over that was marked to be saved. Grades changed daily and we moved a lot of dirt twice or more as people came and went with different ideas and interpretations. These supposedly highly trained and educated people often didn't use a lick of common sense nor exercise any judgment on small details. And if it looks good on paper or a computer screen, build it, no matter what actual field conditions indicate. Ya got to get to a person over fifty with years of time in grade and vast experience in the field to find sense and judgment these days it seems to me.
Years ago, when I worked with asphalt, we took especial pains to lay a smooth mat. That often took a lot of hand work, but when you drove over the road, you could set a glass of water on the dash and never see a wiggle. Not any more. If you don't have a lid on that glass and have it secured in hand, you're going to get a bath. I'd be ashamed to say I laid new blacktop in some places I've been the last few weeks, it was terribly rough. Concrete is even worse. Most places now it seems that the contractor doesn't even try to get a smooth surface. They just pour the mud down and rough finish it, then a few days later they run a grinder over it, directed by……, you guessed it, a GPS.
Used to be, we always did extra careful work at overpass and bridge transitions so they would be smooth without a thump and bump. That seems to have gone by the boards now. My wife and I always duck when we hit (literally) one of these spots in the road. It either that or hit our heads on the cab liner as the truck springs up in the air onto the overpass. Having a trailer hooked on only makes it worse. Why are State and Federal inspectors accepting sloppy workmanship like this?
I see a lot wrong with the way our transportation systems are built and maintained. I think there are way too many things being given weight that shouldn't be of any consideration, and the most important items are given lip service. I see this in commercial construction too, particularly in one of my pet peeves, which happens to be egress, access, and simply moving through a simple parking lot. If you drive anything bigger than a Smart4Two these days, you will have trouble getting in, out, and simply having enough room to maneuver around in most modern parking lots, with their long rows of curbing and impossibly tight turning radius's. Not to mention parking spaces that are only wide enough to get a small car in and out of, but not enough room to get a door open. The moronic architects that design these things are all smoking dope in my opinion, or trying to win a prize for the most beautiful and exceptionally most useless and difficult to use parking lots possible!
City streets are the same if not worse. Center dividers, curbs, planters, and medians drive me crazy. In some places you have to drive miles out of your way simply to make a U-turn or drive into a Wendy's. This saves a lot of fuel you know, ha, ha, but doesn't do anything else that contributes to smooth and efficient traffic flow, which is the only good reason that there is a street or road there in the first place. It's not meant to be a thing of beauty, or something for the local horticultural club to plant flowers in every other weekend.
OK, I had fun with this, just venting you know. There are a lot of good people out there trying their best to do good work, but the way we spread out engineering, responsibility, and oversight in construction these days, it's a wonder that anything gets done at all.