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Machine Operating cost??? Per hour? Without operator?

Actioninc

Active Member
Joined
Dec 30, 2008
Messages
31
Location
Midwest
I was wondering if any veterans out there had put some time into what a machine costs to run per hour?

Some rates will be variable such as fuel, Maybe you have a gallons per hour?
Cat 953
Cat 963B track loader w/3116?
Komatsu 300? Or any 30 metric ton machine size? (hydraulic excavator 2.5 yd heaped bucket)
Bobcat t-320 or equal sized machine? (t770, case 450, tl140, jd332, cat 277,279,289)
d6 sized dozer
d4 sized dozer
815 padfoot compactor
84" vibratory padfoot roller
200 sized excavator (20 ton)
Dump trucks tandem axle end dumps 16ft box 10 yd (in place/compacted) capacity. (i have heard $40 to $45 per hour on these, with driver)

Any help would be appreciated,

Thanks!
 

muddauber

Member
Joined
Feb 12, 2012
Messages
17
Location
Virginia
Your cat salesman can show/give/sell you the "Caterpillar Performance Handbook" i think that's the name - it has operating cost data with all the variables for your operating conditions - should answer most of your questions on your cat equipment. Most of the manufacturers will gladly share ownership and operating cost with you if you own one of their machines. Some even have excel spreadsheets if you are so inclined. Getting a handle on understanding operating cost was a big eye opener for me years ago and i learned some valuable info from those books etc. Good luck!
 

Oxbow

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Nov 22, 2012
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Location
Idaho
I have found that using rental rates, although pretty high if you are putting a bunch hours on annually, is a good way to estimate what you should be charging. The Cat Performance Handbook will give you wonderful information regarding fuel consumption per hour. The most important thing that I have found is to track to the best of your ability EVERY expense for individual machines, and then at the end of the year divide that cost by the hours run.

I rent most of the equipment we use as we may need a D6N, 2 730's, and a 336 for one project, and track trucks, 324 long reach, and 320 for the next. I do not have the resources to purchase all of what we need, so I rent most of it and purchase the equipment that we use the most.

I created an Excel spreadsheet that helps me determine what the hourly rate of each piece of equipment should be. I tried to attach it here but get the message that it is an invalid file type, so I am copying and pasting to at least show what information is included.

Machine 287C 312C 315C 320D 325D D4G D5N D6N D6R
Fuel Gal/HR 2.00 3.50 4.00 5.00 7.00 4.00 5.00 7.00 8.50
$/Gal $3.90 $4.00 $3.75 $3.75 $3.90 $4.00 $3.90 $4.00 $3.90
Fuel Total $7.80 $14.00 $15.00 $18.75 $27.30 $16.00 $19.50 $42.61 $33.15
Rent $30.00 $27.84 $46.88 $60.00 $70.00 $20.00 $75.00 $56.25 $50.00
Sales Tax $0.00 $0.00 $2.81 $3.00 $0.00 $1.72 $4.50 $0.00 $0.00
Prop Tax $0.60 $0.56 $0.00 $0.00 $1.40 $0.40 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Labor $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00
sub total $88.40 $92.40 $114.69 $131.75 $148.70 $88.12 $149.00 $148.86 $133.15
Overhead 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
$17.68 $18.48 $22.94 $26.35 $29.74 $17.62 $29.80 $29.77 $26.63
sub total $106.08 $110.88 $137.63 $158.10 $178.44 $105.74 $178.80 $178.63 $159.78
Profit $10.61 $11.09 $13.76 $15.81 $17.84 $10.57 $17.88 $17.86 $15.98
Mileage $0.65 $4.00 $6.00 $0.00 $3.75 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Per Diem $6.00 $4.00 $0.00 $4.00 $4.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Total $123.34 $129.96 $157.39 $177.91 $204.03 $116.32 $196.68 $196.50 $175.76

In the spreadsheet I can change any of the numbers (rental rate for example according to whether or not it is a weekly or monthly rental) (fuel price per gallon) and the spreadsheet recalculates the total. Unfortunately I cannot share the actual spreadsheet, but at least this will show you what it accomplishes.

The one thing that I am still working on is how to get a good number on overhead. Insurance, all the bloody taxes and permits, etc. etc. etc. that one must have, and how that relates to the cost per hour is the most difficult part for me to determine.

I got off of the subject a bit though, for determining the cost per hour of owned equipment you must track what the payments are, insurance is, every dime you spend on maintenance, fuel ,repair etc. and divide by the number of hours. There should also be a component for replacement, and I think that the Cat performance handbook (available for online download now) may address that as well.

Hope this helps!
 

Oxbow

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Nov 22, 2012
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Location
Idaho
Oh, sorry, when I posted that spreadsheet all the columns got mish-mashed, but maybe you can still get the idea. Obviously I do not posses the IT skills required to do a nice job on this forum, but I'm trying!
 

Responder

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Jun 28, 2010
Messages
6
Location
Saskatchewan
I like the spreadsheet oxbow. I will build one of those over the next few weeks as we are in the process of getting all of our numbers together for next year's work. I will add a few more items such as Worker's comp, insurance, etc to get a more realistic hourly cost.
 

Oxbow

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Nov 22, 2012
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Location
Idaho
Thanks Responder, I have another to determine what it costs us to pay someone say $26 per hour - add 5.25% for workers comp, 6.12% for unemployment, etc. and then plug that number into the above spreadsheet. Now that you mention it I should have that number automatically entered into the Machine cost spreadsheet. Ah, refining this process will never be done I am afraid.
 

powerjoke

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Location
Missouri
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owner/operator/estimator/mechanic/grunt/ditchdigge
I try to put back $1 for maint/repair for every $1 of fuel. Works pretty well ;)

Pj
 

Oxbow

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Joined
Nov 22, 2012
Messages
1,220
Location
Idaho
I try to put back $1 for maint/repair for every $1 of fuel. Works pretty well ;)

Pj

That's a good idea! Another dollar per dollar of fuel for replacement would be good as well, although easier said than done.

A 320C burns about 5 gallons per hour which is about $18 per hour depending on current fuel prices. If you put 5000 hours on a machine in 5 years that would be what, $90,000? That would be a pretty substantial down payment on a newer machine.

$18,000 per year for repair and maintenance should be ample to cover normal service as well as major component replacement.

So, the question is can one bank $36 per hour above all other costs? Not easy in this market, but a good goal to have. I am still working on retained earnings of any kind at the end of the year. Starting business in the spring of 2008 (my crystal ball was a bit clouded) it has been a struggle. Our business volume is beginning to pick up now with more repeat customers, so hopefully we will continue to gain on it. Sure makes you wonder why you spend so much time to make so little when you are starting out.
 

theironoracle

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i second oxbows first sentence to the T. "I have found that using rental rates, although pretty high if you are putting a bunch hours on annually" and emphasize that it works well until you start putting lots of annual hours on a machine then you should be able to beat rental numbers with late model or new equipment.

I have seen many job and equipment cost reports and have become a firm believer that rarely can you beat dealer rental rates!! they are very good numbers to use for estimating. this does not mean you can't purchase and maintain equipment of your own however. what you must realize is you have to use the equipment full time 160-176/month if your using monthly rates and renting equipment. i spent 11 years as a shop foreman trying to beat rental rates with my maintenance and repair programs and only did it a few times, 1) a 966f wheel loader 2) all 84" drum rollers 3) 14g grader, never with a hydraulic excavators, tracked dozers, tracked crushing equipment, small scrapers, or highway trucks.

now that being said rental rates are not your only cost when you rent there WILL BE damage! many times i have put fuel tanks on cat wagons because they are so soft on the front end (rent volvos when you can) rear steps and what not on elevating scrapers from being pushed out of the mud, artic truck fenders that got cracked/bent after getting stuck in the mud, excavator right rear doors, excavator coupler hoses and broken bucket shanks, wheel loader grilles, lights and back up alarms from backing into stock piles in a tight quarry, impact crusher approns from running uncrushable tramp iron through them, i can go on and on.

........................................theironoracle
 

Oxbow

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We rent most of our equipment as we are a new company that does a variety of work. We do a lot of stream channel restoration as well as mine reclamation work. Each has certain equipment demands and we do not have the resources to purchase all that we would use, and probably would not even if we could. One project this fall we had a 330D, 2 730's, and a D6N. The next we had a 320E, a 324 long reach, and 938 loader. An earlier job required a water truck, roller, and 160H. You get the picture.

Fortunately we have very conscientious operators, use radio communication on all jobs, and look out for each other (letting the hoe operator know if he is getting the counterweight to close, watching that we don't dump the haul trucks on too much side slope, etc.) Damage has been limited to front glass on the hoes for the most part. It can get very expensive if you start dinging things up. Assuming that you would repair such things on your own equipment you would still have repair expense, but would likely save some on the labor.

We do not have maintenance costs on the rental equipment with the exception of greaseing the machines though, and if something goes down our dealership is fantastic about getting someone there immediately to fix it. On one occasion they paid to have a replacement machine brought in the same day as they could not get the repairs done until late the next day. Another advantage in our situation is that the equipment that we rent is very low hour, and dry. Agency folks don't allow any oil leaks when working in stream.

Anyway, if I were doing pretty much the same work all the time I would purchase equipment specific to that task, but for us this works better right now.

Sorry if I am getting long winded here. If anyone would like me to email them the spreadsheet that I tried to post above I would be happy to send it. It is nothing special but at least the formatting is done.

Oxbow
 

theironoracle

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actioninc, that 10 yd highway dump truck with operator in the northwest is about 90/hr wet with operator, 12-13 ton legal load doesn't get 10 yds of anything compacted, just be very careful with that number...........theironoracle
 

Greg

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Have a log for each machine here. Every day enter where it is, what it does, fuel, oil, repairs and maint. and the like. At end of year adjust rates based upon actual cost to operate. Been doing this for a long time so have a lot of good historical cost data here
 

briscoetab

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Jun 28, 2013
Messages
56
Location
West Texas
Occupation
Mechanic Formen and Equipment operator
I was hoping to get some new info on this subject, how people keep track of this. I am in the process of trying to keep track of this information. I pretty much had to start from scratch with my company and I am having difficulty keeping track of all expenses.

I do multiple jobs at my company, mechanic foreman/operator/computer tech (sometimes)/job site foreman and whatever else needs handled. It is hard for me to always keep track of our cost and it drives me nuts. I have one mechanic that works for me and then some guys do small work on their own equipment and I can't seem to get thru their head what I am trying to do. I have explained what I am doing but I can never get them to keep track of what they are fixing or what they have bought.

I have tried to make the process as simple as possible but it hasn't helped. I made my mechanic a folder that has multiple forms to keep track of everything but I can't seem to get him to do it. All he has to do is write down what he fixed and the part number(if he got it out of our inventory) or staple a receipt to it and then the date and mileage and that is it.

Sometimes I am gone for a month at a time working out on a jobsite and when I get back he hasn't keep track of anything he has done. Well that’s the problem I have with trying to figure out cost per hour. I would really like to know what our actual cost per hour is on our equipment and how much it increases every year so we can know when to get rid of that piece of equipment based on an increasing cost per hour.
 

theironoracle

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so the program I helped develop and used went like this: 1) each machine has a number 2) when he works on that machine he puts that on his time card (he only get paid for what is correct on the time card) 3) every purchase invoice gets an equipment number on them, you set this up as mandatory with the parts houses. as far as inventory when its purchased it gets any equipment number if more than one machine takes the same part just average or put one machine on one time the other the next time you buy it. it is very true its actually all the 1000 dollar bills that add up but you can't spend hundreds of dollars just trying to track it. so now you have created a paper trail, when you get back from that job you can enter all this info into a cost report program and spit out a number, it really should be done as part of accounts payable then the report is ready anytime you need to look at it. don't forget to add in shop overhead, everything that didn't hit the time card or the invoices from the part suppliers. I came up with once that a man in a shop/or truck costs 3 times his wage, i.e. if you pay him $20hr he actually costs you $60/hr this includes all overhead including your part to pay to the state or feds, his redoes, shop building, service truck, tools, consumables, etc. I came up with this to separate what my head mechanics cost me from what the shop cleaner cost me, I did my damndest to keep a shop cleaner under the foot of my head mechanics so they could get more done, they always had a clean work area, they never made a trip to the solvent tank, they never had to fetch his own parts, his tools were cleaned ready to be put into his box and it didn't take him an hour, etc... so the head mechanic cost me $90 and the helper cost me $36 the total is $126, the average is $63.50 for A+ work...anyways back to you ordeal, what kind of accounting software are you using? ...............theironoracle
 

briscoetab

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First let me say when I say my company, I mean the company I work for. Next we use quick books I believe for accounting but this is not what I use to keep track of equipment. I started out making some programs in excel to keep track of everything but this was slow. Next I started making databases in Access but I am not real knowledgeable at access and couldn't get it to do some stuff I know it can do. Finally I just bought a fleet management software. This was a good purchase, saved me a lot of time creating my own and it pretty much has everything I need.

So here is how I presently keep track of everything. Most of it is how you described, every piece of our equipment has a number, everything you buy you need a PO with equipment number. The problem is our PO's are used to keep people from charging stuff on our account that they are not suppose to and I never see most of the PO's. The next problem is we do not do our own tire work, so when we have a flat tire a lot of times I never know about it because the guys will get a PO from secretary and rund to the shop down the street and get it fixed or replaced.

The last problem is my other mechanic; I can't get thru his head to fill out paperwork. I made him a nice little binder that has every form in it that he would need to keep track of everything: when something need serviced, what parts/fluids were used for servicing, hours on equipment or miles on equipment, repairs needed, repairs made and everything else. Its only me and him that does the mechanic work and more him than me lately because I have had to operate equipment a lot lately. So when I am gone from the shop for a week or two and get back and he has not filled out any paper work my whole system has pretty much feel apart. He doesn’t understand I need that paperwork to keep track of stuff for our records as well to stay compliant with DOT regs.

So it is pretty much a nightmare and I am not sure how to get everyone on board with me. I guess I am really the only one at my company that care about tracking this kind of information, the owner/boss has never really had anyone keep track of it. The only thing he really sees or cares about is our overall net. I really would like to get a solid number on all of our equipment cost per unit, not our overall expense on everything. I think this would help us in many ways: it would help us know exactly what we should be charging for equipment, when we should sell equipment (rather than continuing repairs), what cost we can reduce on equipment and many other things.
 

briscoetab

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Mechanic Formen and Equipment operator
I apologize if I am hijacking the original posters thread, I'll start a new one if you want. I just thought it kind of went along with what the original post was about.
 

theironoracle

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I have a real bad attitude when it comes to trying to create policy or implement work practices that the owner is not fully supporting. I tried this for many years at my last job and it became a loosing battle which caused me finally to quit my job and go out on my own. I have written policy had it approved put in the employee hand book as basic law and when the owner or head superintendent decides to they don't need to apply it whenever it suits them. So what i am trying to say here is get the owner behind it first then go from there. another thing i see here is your double doing your work, you don't have a separate program for machine costing this is done in quickbooks, you create an account for each piece of equipment, in it you have sub accounts i.e. tires, oil, parts, fuel, payments, insurance, and when they do payroll they can charge it to that machine also. it is not your job to enter this info it is accounts payables, then you get a report for each unit whenever you need it, divide it by the hours it was billed out, (this part is very important most of the time unless you only get paid time and materials the hour meter is always more than what was actually billed out, why? that is a hole nother thread), this will give you a cost per billed hour...and you are absolutely correct about keeping track of your cost per unit for replacement purposes.. i have to wonder though if there isn't true equipment cost, there probably isn't true job costing, or production reporting, or ??? how in the heck can someone actually estimate and operate a job, that being said how long has this outfit been in business? i can't imagine they made it through the last recession..imho.....TIO
 

briscoetab

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56
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West Texas
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Mechanic Formen and Equipment operator
Oh they have been around awhile, not sure exactly how long but I would say over 30 years. I'm not saying they don't keep track of anything, they keep track of how much is spent and all but I don’t think it is accurate enough for what I am talking about. What I mean is we know how much we are spending on equipment overall but I think there is some cost that are missing when talking about each piece of equipment individually. I think the boss has a pretty good idea of what it cost to operate most every piece of equipment from experience and partly from tracking cost, as well as competitor rates.

As far as production reporting, I don't know. If you are talking about man hours to complete certain type of jobs, then I guess we don't really keep track of that as far as I know. We do know how long it will take to complete a job though and I would say most of the time we are right on the mark. I mean we have laid enough pipe to know how long a job will take to do a job. If its 10 miles of 12 inch pipe we know how long that will take, or we can figure based on the job scope pretty easily. We don't lose money on jobs.

As far as double doing the work, I think it would be harder to keep track each piece of equipment with quickbooks; I'll try to explain why or partly why. First I have to get my parts either shipped in or I drive an hour and a half to get them, so when I buy stuff for servicing it is kind of in bulk and not for each piece of individual equipment. To separate 3000 or 4000 dollars in filters and fluids out would take a long time to do using PO's or whatever. I have some equipment (CAT's and Fords) that all take the same filters and not all of them are serviced at the same intervals (I might service one backhoe 3 times a year and the other 4). So I cannot just say that I will divide all of those filters equally between the two.

The way I do it is I have all my parts entered in my computer; all I have to do is change quantity on hand. Then when I service it I create a work order and add that part to it, plus the time it takes for me or my mechanic to do it and there’s my cost for servicing (it’s a pretty quick process as long as I can get my other mechanic to fill out the form I created). It takes me maybe a mintue to fill out a work order. Same goes with other parts but I only get most of them when I need it. Then for stuff like lights, electrical wire, fluids that can go to any piece of equipment there is no way to put a specific piece of equipment on a PO either, that has to be done after it is installed. To me to communicate all that to the secretaries would be very difficult and it seems easier for me to do it and keep track of it.

As far as the hour meter goes, I don't think we ever bill out less than the hour meter shows. If it is a bid job, that piece of equipment gets billed to that job for the entire work day and at most it’s going to run the entire work day but probably less. If it is a by the hour job that piece of equipment starts getting billed out as soon as it starts getting loaded on the truck to leave the yard. So the hour meter should never show more than what has been billed out on it. I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around why you would want cost per billed hour and not per machine hour, I think I might see why but would like an explanation?

We are not a very big company; I am responsible for 76 pieces of equipment: 29 on highway vehicles, 27 trailers and 20 pieces of equipment. We don't do multi-billion dollar jobs or anything. Most of our jobs are in the couple million dollar range and lower, most of the time lower. We run 6 gang crews a day, all day, pretty much every day (well not every sat and sun). We do have our slow weeks but we still have 3 dedicated gang crews that always will be working. I say this because I don't see how a multi-billion dollar company can keep track of this info thru accounts payable. I would think they would have a completely separate account for their maintenance department and a dedicated secretary to keep track of that specific part of the business and the company would receive an overall cost analysis from them, but I don’t know I am kind of new to all of this.

We are not a big enough company to have separate secretaries for different areas. We have two secretaries and they pretty much stay busy putting on all of our job tickets, accounts payable and receivable for everything we have now, much less trying to break everything down to separate equipment. They do break it down where they can and I think we do have separate accounts for each piece of equipment but I think it is overlooking a large part of the cost the way we do it now.

I may look into trying to keep track of the cost the way you are saying but I don't think it will be possible to keep the information accurate enough to get a good cost estimate on equipment. Maybe it would be close enough though, I don’t know.

We are small and I take care of quite a bit of stuff and hope one day I can help run it, that is a big reason I am trying to get all of this stuff straightened out now. The two owners/my two bosses are a really good guys and very smart but I think they have been able to get by without having to keep track of information like this because they are very good at estimating these cost/figuring them out with the information they already have. I would just like to have this information for my own sake pretty much and to help the company but I don’t think we have to have it. They support me in what I do but I don’t think they are going to completely revamp the company for stuff like this. They are happy with the way it is and I don’t blame them.

Sorry for the long post and I hope part of what I said is made sense. One last thing, I love the company I work for and the two owners are the by far the best I have ever worked for.
 
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