As I understand the Texas regs, although I'm no expert and anyone that knows more about this than I feel free to correct me:
Is your trailer a 40'er? Reason I ask is in Texas those have to have a DOT number, in Houston a 40'er will get pulled over on sight. I was able to get the 40'er I've got cheap is that the DOT impounded the truck and trailer on the side of the road until someone with a Class A could take over. After this the previous owner just wanted it gone.
And empty your F250 with a 24k trailer is over weight. You need a Class A because the trailer is over 20,000lbs and your combined weight is surely over 26,0001lbs.
But with farm plates you don't need a CDL, you will need the corresponding CLASS of license to go with the rig though. With a class B, you can have a truck above 26,001lbs with a 20,000lb trailer behind it, if you want a trailer more than 20,000lbs, you need a class A. To stay on a class C, you need to keep the overall combination below 26,0001 lbs.
This is for farm use/not for hire and within 150 air miles of the farm, get outside those requirements and you'll be subject to the normal classifications.
https://www.txdps.state.tx.us/internetforms/Forms/CVE-13.pdf
A 24k trailer will weigh about 6-8k, so it's legal rated capacity about 18-16klbs, so a 15k dozer is already at or close the legal weight cap.
Now that's the law, I'm sure everyone's broken it, I have have several time. The worst time was 35,000lbs of machine tools on a 40', 24,000lb gooseneck with a rented 2015 Dodge 3500 . And also the lights/brakes failed about a block after getting loaded (long story....), so had no trailer brakes for the 20 mile trip. But this was early on a Saturday morning, with an escort car blocking for the truck and traveling no more than 10mph.
That new souped up 3500 could pull the load right on up to highway speed if you so desired, but would have no hope of stopping it.
Second worst overload was a 17,000 lb, 30' long lathe on a 24+3 10,000 lb gooseneck with a '95 dodge 2500 pulling. Fourth worst was the P&H's 14,000lb counterweight on that trailer, fifth is the W-11, Case says it weights 11,505lbs. That's all on a trailer with a GVW of 10,000lbs, not a rated capacity of 10,000lbs.
But again, going slow, moving on holidays/weekends, being able to stop and making sure tires don't get hot is the most important thing to safely overloading something.
I say this not as a source of pride, but to illustrate what's physically possible is not necessary what's legal or 100% safe. I'm tired of abusing goosenecks and pickups and will be getting a class A and semi as soon as possible.
IMHO, you don't have enough truck for the trailer, and your too heavy for a class C. I couldn't want to drive that rig though Houston in the middle of the week, that's just asking for trouble.
Its not what the truck can pull that's the important part, its what you can stop and control in an emergency what's important.
