Wow. That’s super gross. Brown sludge from hell.
I get it. Shops can bilk a lot of time from their customers for overheat issues and never find the root cause. Its very easy and non-evasive to measure water in, water out and water mix temps on a 3506B. Forget about water mix. Make it super easy and check water in and water out. According to the tmi data, that engine has a 12F degree temp rise. So, there should be a 12F degree drop across the radiator.
If the Delta T is more than 12F, it’s a flow problem. If the Delta T is less than 12F, capacity problem.
At least, you have a general idea where to look before taking stuff apart .
According to Caterpillar SIMS data, the last time I had access, overheating was 60% of warranty engine complaints. In the dealer world, we focused resources on technician development in that area.