Yes you can, one way is by the shoes. Most larger cranes the shoes are the chain partially due to finding a bolt on shoe that wide capable of supporting a load such as a crane would be a challenge. Excavators have a chain and bolt on shoes, usually with a grouser of some sort for traction. Also, it's rare to see a excavator with removable tracks until you get into shovel size machines and they aren't easily removed like a crane. Most of the newer cranes can self erect. Some of the mass excavators can be gauged in but I don't ever see them hauled minus the tracks.
Cranes don't walk near as much as a hoe would so the designers chose ground pressure and stability over a track more suited to traveling. The exception to that are the 100 ton and smaller hydraulic crawler cranes. They use an undercarriage very much like a trackhoe because they're used on pipeline, tank building, drilling and stuff like that where they need to be mobile and maneuverable. Most of the bigger crawlers are built very close if not exactly where they will be used and have to stay on mats as they are so heavy they'd sink or at least settle and become unstable. You'll also notice that most crawler cranes have tracks considerably longer that an excavator, again due to ground pressure and stability.
Kind of a random poorly organized synopsis but hopefully it gives you an idea
. There are some others on here that know way more than me about them perhaps they'll chime in. I do have a lot of crane pics from moved over the years.
Junkyard